Michael D. White is an Associate Professor in the Department of Law, Police Science and Criminal Justice Administration at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice, and Deputy Director of the Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay. He received his PhD in Criminal Justice from Temple University in 1999. Dr. White served as a deputy sheriff in Northampton County, Pennsylvania for two years before entering academia. His research interests include policing, particularly use of force, as well as program evaluation. Dr. White’s recent work has been published in Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Crime and Delinquency, Journal of Experimental Criminology, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, and Police Quarterly. He also recently published a book called Current Issues and Controversies in Policing (2007, Allyn and Bacon). In 2004, Dr. White won the Donal E.J. MacNamara Junior Faculty Award at John Jay.