Mary
Gibson
Professor Emerita
Phone number
646-401-3017
Education
1979 PhD   Indiana University, Bloomington
1973 MA     Indiana University, Bloomington
1971 BA      Duke University
Bio
Mary Gibson’s research focuses on the history of crime, criminology, women, and sexuality in modern Italy. Her publications include Prostitution and the State in Italy (1986); Born to Crime: Cesare Lombroso and the Origins of Biological Criminology (2002); and Italian Prisons in the Age of Positivism, 1861-1914 (2019). She has translated, with Nicole Hahn Rafter, the two major works of Lombroso: Criminal Man (2006) and Criminal Woman, the Prostitute and the Normal Woman (2004). Her research has been supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Fulbright Scholar Program, and the National Library of Medicine as well as residencies at the American Academy in Rome (Rome Prize), the International Research Center on Cultural Studies (IFK) in Vienna, and the Advanced Research Collaborative (ARC) at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. She is an Associate Editor of the Journal of Modern Italian Studies and an editorial board member of Studi sulla Questione Criminale. In 2020, she received the Senior Scholar Citation from the Society for Italian Historical Studies.

        
Scholarly Work
Books
 

Italian Prisons in the Age of Positivism, 1861-1914 (London: Bloomsbury, 2019). Italian translation forthcoming from Viella in 2020. https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/italian-prisons-in-the-age-of-positivism-1861-1914-9781350196094/

Translation (with Nicole Rafter) of Cesare Lombroso’s Criminal Man [with scholarly introduction and notes] (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2006); Korean edition, 2010 (trans. by Kyung-Jae Lee for the Korean Institute of Criminology). https://www.dukeupress.edu/criminal-man

Translation (with Nicole Rafter) of Cesare Lombroso’s Criminal Woman, the Prostitute, and the Normal Woman [with scholarly introduction and notes] (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2004). https://www.dukeupress.edu/criminal-woman-the-prostitute-and-the-normal-woman

Born to Crime: Cesare Lombroso and the Origins of Biological Criminology (Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2002). Translated as Nati per il crimine: Cesare Lombroso e le origini della criminologia biologica (Milan: Bruno Mondadori, 2004). https://products.abc-clio.com/ABC-CLIOCorporate/product.aspx?pc=C3061C

Prostitution and the State in Italy, 1860-1915. 2nd Edition (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1999); 1st Edition (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1986). Translated as Stato e prostituzione in Italia, 1860-1915  (Milan: Il Saggiatore, 1995). https://www.amazon.com/PROSTITUTION-STATE-1860-1915-HISTORY-CRIMINAL/dp/0814250483

Articles

“Gender and Convict Labour: The Italian Case in Global Context,” Global Convict Labour, ed. Alex Lichtenstein and Christian de Vito (Brill: Leiden, 2015), pp. 313-332.

“I limiti della cittadinanza: prigioni e prigionieri nell’Italia liberale,” Questione criminale e identità nazionale in Italia tra Otto e Novecento, ed. Luigi Lacchè and Monica Stronati (Macerata: EUM, 2015), pp. 215-225.

“Forensic Psychiatry and the Birth of the Criminal Insane Asylum in Modern Italy,” International Journal of Law and Psychiatry,” v. 37 (2014), pp. 117-126.

“The Journal of Prison Sciences: Between Administration and Advocacy,” Una tribuna per le scienze criminali. La “cultura” delle Riviste nel dibattito penalistico tra Otto e Novecento, ed. Luigi Lacchè and Monica Stronati (Macerata: EUM, 2013), pp. 49-68.

“Cesare Lombroso, Prison Science, and Penal Politics,” The Lombroso Handbook, ed. Paul Knepper and P. J. Ystehede (NY: Routledge, 2012), pp. 30-46.

 “La reazione internazionale alla teoria lombrosiana della donna delinquente,” L’antropologia criminale di Cesare Lombroso: Dall’Ottocento al dibattito filosofico-penale contemporaneo, ed. Lorenzo Picotti e Francesca Zanuso (Naples: Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane, 2011) pp. 141-157.

“Global Perspectives on the Birth of the Prison,” American Historical Review, v. 116, n. 4 (2011), pp. 1040-63.

“La criminologia prima e dopo Cesare Lombroso,” Cesare Lombroso. Gli scienzati e la nuova Italia, ed. Silvano Montaldo (Milan: Il Mulino, 2010) pp. 15-32.

“Un sguardo americano su Stephen Jay Gould,” in Contemporanea, v. 13, n. 2 (2010), p. 354-359.

“La storia di genere nel dialogo tra generazioni,” Genesis, v. 8, n. 2 (2009), pp. 179-185.

“Il genere: La donna (delinquente e non),” Cesare Lombroso: Cento anni dopo, eds. Silvano Montaldo and Paolo Tapperi (Turin: UTET, 2009) pp, 155-64.

 “Women’s Prisons in Italy: A Problem of Citizenship,” Crime, History, Societies/Crime, Histoire, Sociétés v. 13, n. 2 (2009) pp. 27-40.

“Prisons and Prisoners,” Encyclopedia of Women in World History, ed. Bonnie G. Smith (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008).

 “Ai  margini della cittadinanza: le detenute dopo l’Unità italiana (1860-1915),” Storia delle Donne, n. 3 (2007) pp. 187-207.

Entries on “Lombroso, Cesare,” “Mozzoni, Anna Maria,” and “Prostitution” for Europe 1789-1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of Industry and Empire, eds. John Merriman and Jay Winter (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2006).

“Cesare Lombroso and Italian Criminology: Theory and Politics,” Criminals and Their Scientists: The History of Criminology in International Perspective, eds. Peter Becker and Richard Wetzell (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006) pp. 137-58.

 “Science and Narrative in Italian Criminology, 1880-1920,” Crime and Culture: An Historical Perspective, ed. Amy Gilman Srebnick and René Lévy (Aldershot, Eng.: Ashgate, 2005) pp. 37-47.

 “Labelling Women Deviant: Heterosexual Women, Prostitutes, and Lesbians in Early Criminological Discourse,” Gender and the Private Sphere in Italy, ed. Perry Willson (London: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2004) pp. 89-104.

“The Incarceration of Italian Women in Historical Perspective,”  In Our Own Voices: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Italian and Italian American Women, ed. Elizabeth Giovanna Messina (Boca Raton: Bordigiera Press, 2003) pp. 39-51.

“The Criminalization of Youth in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Italy,” Crime, Punishment, and Reform in Europe, ed. Louis A. Knafla [Criminal Justice History, v. 18] (Praeger: Westport, Conn., 2003) pp. 121-144.

“Introduction” to a special issue of the Journal of Modern Italian Studies on women’s history, v. 7 (Spring, 2002) pp. 1-16.

“Cesare Lombroso, il determinismo biologico, e il sistema italiano della giustizia penale,” Dei delitti e delle pene, n. 1-3 (2001) pp. 71-94.

“Le carcere femminili nell’Italia liberale,” Storica, n. 16 (2000) pp. 135-154.

“Cesare Lombroso,” Encyclopedia of Women and Crime, ed. Nicole Hahn Rafter (Phoenix, Ariz.: Oryx, 2000) pp. 151-152.

“Donne, bambini e criminologia tra le due guerre mondiali,” Storia e problemi contemporanei, n. 24 (Dec., 1999) pp. 227-252

"Italian Women and the Left in the Shadow of Fascism," Women  & Socialism--Socialism & Women in Europe Between the Wars, ed. Helmut Gruber and Pamela Graves (New York: Berghahn, 1998) pp. 381-411

"Biology or Environment? Race and Southern 'Deviancy' in the Writings of Italian Criminologists, 1880-1920," Italy's  "Southern Question": Orientalism in One Country, ed. Jane Schneider (New York: Berg, 1998) pp. 99-115

“New Perspectives in Italian Women’s History: A Review Essay,” Journal of Women’s History, v. 8, n. 2 (Summer, 1996) pp. 169-180

 “Crime," Encyclopedia of Social History, ed. Peter N. Stearns (New York: Garland, 1994) pp. 178-182.

Review Essay of Georges Duby and Michelle Perrot, eds., Storia delle donne: Ottocento  in Journal of Women’s History , v. 5, n. 3 (Winter, 1994) pp. 163-169

“Italy” in Prostitution: An International Handbook on Trends, Problems, and Policies, ed. Nanette J. Davis (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1993) pp. 157-176

“La prostituzione in Milano alla fine dell'Ottocento: Immagine e realtà,” Donna lombarda, 1860-1945  ed. A. Gigli Marchetti and N. Torcellan (Milan: Franco Angeli, 1992) pp. 563-570

“Italian Civil Code of 1865,” “Italian Law for the Protection of the Labor of Women and Children,” and “Italian Women's Movement (1860-1914),” Women's Studies Encyclopedia, ed. Helen Tierney (Westport, Conn: Greenwood, 1991) vol. 3, pp. 240-245

“Italy,” Children in Comparative and Historical  Perspective: An International Handbook and Research Guide, eds. Joseph M. Hawes and N. Roy Hines (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1991) pp. 361-88

“Prostitution Laws after Italian Unification: The Role of Regulationist and Abolitionist Elites,” Criminal Justice History, v. 11 (1990) pp. 105-117

“On the Insensitivity of Women: Science and the Woman Question in Liberal Italy,” Journal of Women's History, v. 2, n. 2 (Fall, 1990) pp. 11-41

“Female Sexuality in Renaissance, Early Modern, and Modern Italy,” Trends in History, v. 4, n. 4 (1990) pp. 159-185 and in Sex, History and Culture, eds. Margot  Badran and Midge Quandt  (Binghamton, NY: Haworth, 1990)

“Tollerare o reprimere? Un dilemma contemporanea” Storia e Dossier, v. 4, n. 25 (January, 1989) pp. 40-50

“Marginalità convergenti.  Immagine borghese della prostituta in Italia, 1850-1915,” in Diritto e Rovescio: Studi sulle donne e il controllo sociale, ed. Tamar Pitch (Naples: Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane, 1987) pp. 219-235

“Medici e poliziotti: Il Regolamento Cavour,” Memoria: Rivista di storia delle donne, v. 17 (1986) pp. 90-100

Six entries, Dictionary of Italian History, ed. Frank J. Coppa (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1985)

“The 'Female Offender' and the Italian School of Criminal Anthropology,” Journal of European Studies, v. 12 (1982) pp. 155-65

“The State and Prostitution: Prohibition, Regulation, or Decriminalization?," History and Crime, eds. James A. Inciardi and Charlies Faupel (Beverly Hills: Sage, 1980) pp. 193-208

“Prostitution and the Bourgeois Feminist Movement in Italy,” The Italian Immigrant Woman, eds. B.B. Cairoli et al. (Toronto: Multicultural Society, 1978) pp. 24-30

 

 

Research Summary

Grants and Awards
Senior Scholar Citation from the Society for Italian Historical Studies, 2020

Distinguished Fellow, Advanced Research Collaborative, Graduate Center, CUNY, Spring 2016

Scholarly Excellence Award, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 2013

Senior Fellow, International Research Center for Cultural Studies (IFK), Vienna,  Oct. 2012-Jan. 2013

Senior Scholar in Residence, American Academy in Rome, Spring, 2010

National Endowment for the Humanities Faculty Research Grant, 2009-2010

Fulbright Senior Research Award (Italy), 2008-9

PSC-CUNY Research Award, 2015, 2013, 2006, 2001, 1999, 1998, 1995, 1992, 1991, 1986

National Library of Medicine Grant for Scholarly Publications, 2003-2005

American Academy Rome Prize in Modern Italian Studies, 2002-2003

American Philosophical Society Research Grant, 1998, 1989

Trinity College Barbieri Grant in Italian History, 1998

American Council of Learned Societies Travel Grant to International Conferences, 1994

National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Stipend, 1989

Folger Library Seminar Fellow, 1985

National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Seminar Grant, 1984 (Stanford University)

Fulbright Junior Research Grant, 1982-1983

Iowa Humanities Board, Public Programs Grant (with Dennis Perri), 1981

Grinnell College Summer Research Grants, 1979, 1981, 1982

National Endowment for the Humanities Seminar Grant, 1979-1980 (Brown University)

Indiana University Women's Studies Grant, 1976

Phi Beta Kappa, 1971